Recent content by TimLong

Simple Answer: There was no big bang required. A simple understanding of entropy is required, to apply to a 2-particle dipole photon known as the gauge boson. When energy decreases due to an almost immeasurably small re-radiation, the charge attraction is lessened enough to increase the...

If it is recognized that the background red shift is due to photon decay, all of the unresolved questions of the origin and future of the universe will be answered. See www.PhotonStructure.com (which was the very first photon structure site 2-1/2 decades ago and is presently being upgraded...

Not only is the quantum charge interaction (in particular +/-) the basis of quantum motions, when charge and energy are balanced, it is possible for pair-formation at higher (1.0216 MeV) energies, when matter (as +/- electrons) is formed. These stable photon systems provide the original clock...