More on dark stars
The paper very interesting.
Supermassive Dark Star candidates seen by JWST,
https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2305762120, 11-July-2023. "Significance In 2007, we proposed the idea of Dark Stars. The first phase of stellar evolution in the history of the universe may be Dark Stars (DS), powered by dark matter (DM) heating rather than by nuclear fusion. Although made almost entirely of hydrogen and helium from the Big Bang, they form at the centers of protogalaxies where there is a sufficient abundance of DM to serve as their heat source. They are very bright diffuse puffy objects and grow to be very massive. In fact, they can grow up to ten million solar masses with up to ten billion solar luminosities. In this paper, we show that the James Webb Space Telescope may have already discovered these objects. Abstract The first generation of stars in the universe is yet to be observed. There are two leading theories for those objects that mark the beginning of the cosmic dawn: hydrogen burning Population III stars and Dark Stars, made of hydrogen and helium but powered by dark matter heating. The latter can grow to become supermassive (M⋆ ∼ 10^6M⊙) and extremely bright (L ∼ 10^9L⊙). We show that each of the following three objects—JADES-GS-z13-0, JADES-GS-z12-0, and JADES-GS-z11-0 (at redshifts z ∈ [11, 14])—are consistent with a Supermassive Dark Star interpretation, thus identifying the first Dark Star candidates."
The paper goes on reporting, "Prior to JWST, we had very limited data on the cosmic dawn era, i.e., the period when the first stars and galaxies form. As such, numerical simulations were the primary tool to describe the properties of the first stars (e.g., refs. 7–13), and galaxies (e.g., refs. 14–19) in the universe. In the standard picture of the first (Population III a.k.a. Pop III) stars, they formed roughly 100–400 Myrs after the Big Bang (z∼20–10) as a consequence of the gravitational collapse of pristine, zero metallicity, molecular hydrogen clouds at the center of 10^6–10^8M⊙ minihaloes. Pop III stars grow via accretion, reaching masses of (at most) 10^3M⊙ (e.g., ref. 20), and populate the first galaxies. We previously proposed, however, a different type of first star: Dark Stars (21–23), early stars powered by DM heating rather than by fusion."
Some discussion on dark atoms and dark stars on the forums too, Dark matter atoms may form shadowy galaxies with rapid star formation,
https://forums.space.com/threads/da...owy-galaxies-with-rapid-star-formation.61693/
So far, the pristine, metal free gas created by BBN remains unverified too.
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