"A scientist who is also religious is well advised to know the difference between a scientific theory and a religious belief, and to act accordingly."<br /><br />Exactly. In most cases, particularly in the pure sciences, it is a question of never the twain shall meet. Anyone who uses religious doctrine to justify a direction in scientific research is playing with fire.<br /><br />However in certain fields, such as medicine, and other disciplines where human beings are involved, eg teaching, it is essential to take into account the religious beliefs that people hold, and the values of society. <br /><br />I gave the example of logic versus morality in another thread, citing the works of Vaclav Havel, the first post Cold War president of the Czech Republic. Whatever his ineptitude in the political field, his position on morality and ethics has often been quoted as an ideal to aspire to.<br /><br /> The point I made was that the basic principles of humanity, or concern for human dignity and welfare must take precedence over cold logic. The case that Havel cited was that of a person being asked to do a terrible deed (eg kill his mother) to avoid a major human catastrophy (eg a nuclear bomb being set off in a major city). <br /><br />Basic Marxist philosophy, which is extremely logical and scientific in its approach, would say that this deed must be done for the good of society, and that is exactly the methodology adopted by totalitarian regimes to achieve their objectives.