The ref paper cited, Inspiraling streams of enriched gas observed around a massive galaxy 11 billion years ago,
https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abj9192, 04-May-2023. I note the abstract.
"Abstract Stars form in galaxies, from gas that has been accreted from the intergalactic medium. Simulations have shown that recycling of gas—the reaccretion of gas that was previously ejected from a galaxy—could sustain star formation in the early Universe. We observe the gas surrounding a massive galaxy at redshift 2.3 and detect emission lines from neutral hydrogen, helium, and ionized carbon that extend 100 kiloparsecs from the galaxy. The kinematics of this circumgalactic gas is consistent with an inspiraling stream. The carbon abundance indicates that the gas had already been enriched with elements heavier than helium, previously ejected from a galaxy. We interpret the results as evidence of gas recycling during high-redshift galaxy assembly."
Looks like an interesting *interpretation*, z=2.3 the cosmology calculators show more details here.
Light time distance is 10.836 Gyr, comoving radial distance 18.556 Gly. Using H0 = 69 km/s/Mpc, space expands close to 1.31 x c velocity. We cannot compare the galaxy evolution along its comoving radial distance in the BB model for expanding space. It is an interesting model interpretation and again, metals are seen in the gases too, not zero-metals as postulated for the very first gas clouds formed during BBN.
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