An interesting read here. The universe is said to be about 45 billion light years, "Such a universe would be finite, and according to their results, our entire cosmos might only be about three to four times larger than the limits of the observable universe, about 45 billion light-years away."
This calculation is not observed but the result of the cosmology calculators using H0 and CMBR z today ~ 1100.
Cosmology Calculators (caltech.edu)
Cosmology calculator | kempner.net
The 45 billion light year value is the comoving radial distance obtained so the universe size is some 90 to 93 billion light years diameter. Another statement in the article I note. "A team of astrophysicists from Ulm University in Germany and the University of Lyon in France looked to the cosmic microwave background (CMB). When the CMB was released, our universe was a million times smaller than it is today, and so if our universe is indeed multiply connected, then it was much more likely to wrap in on itself within the observable limits of the cosmos back then."
This suggest the scale conversion for the universe was 10^-6 meter at the *beginning* to 1 meter size today.
Using the cosmology calculators and CMBR z ~ 1100 today, the universe size when the CMBR formed (recombination and decoupling era in the BB model) was about 80 to 82 million light years in diameter, the angular diameter size. So the universe since then expanded by more than 1100x. Alan Guth in December 2013 published the scale size conversion using inflation. The 10^-53 meter at the *beginning* maps to 1 meter size today.
https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2013arXiv1312.7340G/abstract
Using the scale conversion provided by Alan Guth for inflation we have:
Alan Guth in the paper stated, " From the end of inflation to today the universe would expand by another factor of ∼ 10^15 GeV/3K ≈ 10^27. This means that a distance scale of 1 m today corresponds to a length of only about 10^−53 m at the start of inflation, 18 orders of magnitude smaller than the Planck length (∼ 10^−35 m)."
That is something to ponder
10^-53 m and now the universe expanded to some 93 billion light years in diameter,
https://phys.org/news/2021-03-myths-big.html, Five myths about the Big Bang 22-Mar-2021, "That which we call the observable universe is a bubble surrounding us that is 93 billion light-years in diameter."
Okay, everyone knows how small the universe was at the start and how big the universe is today
So applying the scale where 1 meter today = 10^-53 m at the start, we have the universe begin ~ 8.8 x 10^-27 m size and expand to ~ 8.8 x 10^26 m size today in 13.8 billion years, ~ 4.352 x 10^17 seconds. Space expands >> c and continues on according to inflation.
The size changes here should be plain to the public I feel and shown to the public too that is used in cosmology studies today. Much of the scale change from 10^-53 m to 1 m today takes place in a universe that we cannot see or observe. It should be clear whether the universe observed in astronomy today began with a scale conversion of 10^-6 meter to 1 meter size today vs. 10^-53 m to 1 m today. There are some real differences here.
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