The general model I think is understood. Every young accretion disk will have a frost line - where the temperature allows only ices. The inner zone is more prone to thinning as the star gets hotter. These gases move outward and also fuel the fast-growing outer protoplanets. No doubt, the data from the mission will be able to tweak thinks like composition, will may help define where in the disk it originally formed.
Yes, but this isn't part of his model of evolution. The
Origin of the Species, is not the origin of life; it is how species evolve into new species. This is similar to the BBT that never begins at the true beginning (t=0).
I think this was Erasmus Darwin. His 1803 poem is interesting:
Organic life beneath the shoreless waves
Was born and nurs’d in Ocean’s pearly caves;
First forms minute, unseen by spheric glass,
Move on the mud, or pierce the watery mass;
These, as successive generations bloom,
New powers acquire, and larger limbs assume;
Whence countless groups of vegetation spring,
And breathing realms of fin and feet and wing.
As you note, there is no evidence supporting his supposition.