I doubt if the Earth is the only planet of its type in the galaxy. It certainly is unique in the solar system.<br /><br />We'll have to wait until we have more sophisticated techniques to determine whether there are other planets similar to ours. Oxygen is one anomaly that we could look for. <br /><br />You might have heard of the Rare Earth Theory by Ward and Brownlee. Their rare Earth hypothesis predicts that while simple, microbial life will be very widespread in the universe, complex animal or plant life will be extremely rare.<br /><br />It is very difficult to predict anything with a sample size of 1. <br /><br />It's a bit like models of planetary condensation. They predicted that we should get a grouping of planets condensing from the Solar nebula similar to those we find in the Solar System(Quinn et al, UW). This may still be true, but so far we haven't found a single extra-solar example of a solar system like ours, and models of solar system formation have had to be revisited since the 1980s. <br />