I think it makes the most sense to use multiple automonous vehicles that can dock to one another enroute. In the event of a problem they could separate as needed. <br /><br />The idea I have is multiple connecting Modules. A vehicle consists of a central Module with eight radial Modules and four outer Modules. All the Modules are identical but can be configured as needed. By rotating around the central core the outer Modules would have gravity that could be controlled by the rate of rotation.<br /><br />Since the Modules are identical you could attach any number of vehicles together end to end. A Mars ship would be three vehicles docked to each other, each vehicle sent on it's way seperately and joining in transit. Once at Mars the entire assembly is taken apart, with some Modules taken to the surface and others staying in orbit. <br /><br />If we use empty second stage propellant tanks as our Modules and identical Modules to carry payloads attached to those tanks, when they are launched, each vehicle would take five launches if you consider the equipment to outfit the empty propellant tanks and the crew. Figuring two empty Modules and one payload Module for each launch with each payload Module having the ability to carry the equipment to outfit two others, five launches would assemble, outfit and man a single vehicle. Spread the construction phase over a couple of years and put the Crew up in a single launch.<br /><br />Figured into the vehicles would be propellant, this could be launched to LEO by any number of means, as water, in the course of construction. Each of the three initial vehicles would have a Command Module, a Mars Surface Module, a Mars orbiting Station Module, five cargo Modules and five water Modules. <br /><br />The initial return to LEO would use two vehicles, with seven Module each, a Command Module, two cargo Modules and five water Modules.<br /><br /><br />Beyond the intitial mission the core vehicles would be two indentical vehicles, using the initial Co <div class="Discussion_UserSignature"> </div>