This is a post about characteristic x-rays, and how they are formed. In normal x-rays the emitted x-ray supposedly can possess any frequency and has little to do with the atoms involved. However, with characteristic x-rays the energy of the x-ray is closely linked to the type of atom that emits the x-ray. It’s long been a celebrated feature of quantum mechanics that characteristic x-rays are emitted when a high-energy electron knocks out an inner-shell electron from an atom. As a result an electron from a higher energy level transitions down to fill the vacancy, and an x-ray is emitted — whose energy matches exactly the difference between the binding energies of the two shells. Unlike, Compton scattering where the electron is ejected as a result of interaction with an incoming photon, characteristic x-rays involve interactions with high energy incoming electrons that possess enough energy to eject the electron from an inner shell. The fact that the ejected electron occupies an inner shell indicates that the binding energy involved is strong.
According to Augmented Newtonian Dynamics (AND Theory) accelerating particles emit radiation, since the ejected electron is in an accelerated state, it follows that it must radiate energy, at the point where it is accelerated (i.e., the point that it is ejected from the atom). The question is what would be the energy that it radiates. It turns out that the energy of the x-ray that is emitted closely matches the binding energy of the ejected electron. This makes sense, since the energy of the emitted x-ray closely corresponds to the binding energy of the ejected electron, therefore serving as a resolution to the energy lost to the electron.
Crucially, the results predicted by both theories are virtually identical and almost impossible to tell apart — the observed X-ray energies remain the same. What changes is our understanding of why the X-ray is emitted: If you would like to read more on this subject. Here is a link:
Atomic Recoil and X-Ray Emission – Revisiting Atomic Structure through AND Theory
According to Augmented Newtonian Dynamics (AND Theory) accelerating particles emit radiation, since the ejected electron is in an accelerated state, it follows that it must radiate energy, at the point where it is accelerated (i.e., the point that it is ejected from the atom). The question is what would be the energy that it radiates. It turns out that the energy of the x-ray that is emitted closely matches the binding energy of the ejected electron. This makes sense, since the energy of the emitted x-ray closely corresponds to the binding energy of the ejected electron, therefore serving as a resolution to the energy lost to the electron.
Crucially, the results predicted by both theories are virtually identical and almost impossible to tell apart — the observed X-ray energies remain the same. What changes is our understanding of why the X-ray is emitted: If you would like to read more on this subject. Here is a link:
Atomic Recoil and X-Ray Emission – Revisiting Atomic Structure through AND Theory
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