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michaelmozina
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<blockquote><font class="small">In reply to:</font><hr /><p>However, as I mentioned, because the pebbles are high metal and heavy atom content, we know that they could not have formed early in the universe's age. Heavy atoms are nearly entirely synthesized by supernovas, re-condensation of the expelled gas clouds back into a next-generation star, supernova, re-condensation back into a next generation star, etc. A pebble rich in metals had to have been formed relatively recently, not 8 or 10 or 13 B yrs ago. <p><hr /></p></p></blockquote><br /><br />Hmm. I'm not sure we can actually make that assumption.<br />http://www.mpe.mpg.de/Highlights/pr20020708.html<br /><br />I think all we need to get heavy elements is a supernova event. According to standard solar theory, a supernova event could occur relatively early ( a few million years) provided that the star is very large and it contains a lot of mass. Smaller stars take longer to fuse together all the elements and 'burn out' according to standard theory, but a large enough star could blow iron particles into the universe at a very young age.<br /> <div class="Discussion_UserSignature"> It seems to be a natural consequence of our points of view to assume that the whole of space is filled with electrons and flying electric ions of all kinds. - Kristian Birkeland </div>