Magnaflux, the problems in the Middle East, and elsewhere, are largely due to competition for land and resources "on the ground" and competition for control within national boundaries.
One of the reasons that Egypt does not want to let Palestinians enter Egypt is that the Egyptian Government fears that they might take over the Sinai area and affect the Canal traffic. Or, if absorbed into the total population, change the voting ratio to favor more radical religious priorities, internally and in foreign policy.
Limiting "you own" population while "others" do not limit theirs is a non-starter idea there and most everywhere else. And, in places like Japan, which is "suffering" from population decline and successfully resistant to immigration by other races/cultures, the goal is to increase population. And, until recently, the Japanese have been "shielded" by the U.S. against foreign invasion, against which a large population, as well as industrial capability and capacity, is important to national security - so that probably is not even a factor, there. But, they still are not happy about their population decline.
However, most ecologists seem to think that total world population must decline to stabilize our planet's ecosystem. That is not just a "climate change" issue - it is a freshwater availability, forest products availability, even food availability set of interconnected issues. To which are added war effects and chemical pollution issues and extinctions of other species.