If nothing can escape a black hole...

curiousgeorge · Jan 7, 2007

Then what is all that matter that shoots out in those streams? That's never made sense to me. Obviously a &%$#@!load of matter is being expelled. Am I missing something? FYI, from within this site, this is what they say: <blockquote>In reply to:<hr />Black holes are so dense that nothing can escape from their gravitational clutches. Once past the event horizon, or the boundary beyond which even light cannot escape, there’s no way out.<hr /></blockquote>

kyle_baron · Jan 7, 2007

Then what is all that matter that shoots out in those streams? That's not matter. It's Gamma Rays and X-Rays, which is energy. In reply to: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Black holes are so dense that nothing can escape from their gravitational clutches. Once past the event horizon, or the boundary beyond which even light cannot escape, there’s no way out. That's a true statement. The important words are "once past the event horizon". The event horizon is a place above the singularity. This is where the heated matter rotates, and is funneled down towards the singularity. This area is called the Accretion Disc: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accretion_disk In this rotating accretion disk, are magnetic fields with charged particles. And this is where the Gamma Rays and X-Rays exit thru the magnetic poles. This link gives an excellent diagram: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Black_hole_jet_diagram.jpg <div class="Discussion_UserSignature"> </div>

Saiph · Jan 8, 2007

You've fallen into a common mis-conception. The polar jets of many black holes do not originate from the black holes themselves. The material in the jets comes from the hole's accretion disk, not from inside the event horizon. Due to the intense magnetic field of the black hole, particles that have a sufficient velocity parrallel to the BH's spin axis escape their fate of falling beyond the event horizon. Instead the magnetic field funnells them up towards the poles where they can escape along outwards in a focused jet of material. The rapid rotations imparted by the magnetic field, along with the added energy due to falling closer to the BH, coupled with the magnetic field itself adding energy to the particles (due to the field rotating rapidly with the bh) allow the particles to achieve escape velocity, which is something like 80 to 90% light speed. <div class="Discussion_UserSignature"> --------------------SaiphMOD@gmail.com -------------------"This is my Timey Wimey Detector. Goes "bing" when there's stuff. It also fries eggs at 30 paces, wether you want it to or not actually. I've learned to stay away from hens: It's not pretty when they blow" -- The Tenth Doctor, "Blink" </div>

yevaud · Jan 8, 2007

Saiph, Buddy! Where the hey have you been?! <div class="Discussion_UserSignature"> Differential Diagnosis: "I am both amused and annoyed that you think I should be less stubborn than you are." </div>

Saiph · Jan 8, 2007

Lurking for the most part, when I do drop by. Real life has decided to rear it's ugly head a lot lately. That and I've borrowed a PS2 to play Okami and Final Fantasy VII <img src="/images/icons/smile.gif" /> <div class="Discussion_UserSignature"> --------------------SaiphMOD@gmail.com -------------------"This is my Timey Wimey Detector. Goes "bing" when there's stuff. It also fries eggs at 30 paces, wether you want it to or not actually. I've learned to stay away from hens: It's not pretty when they blow" -- The Tenth Doctor, "Blink" </div>

yevaud · Jan 8, 2007

That and I've borrowed a PS2 to play Okami and Final Fantasy VII You have been possessed by the Archdemon Azraphahale, patron Demon of Gameboys. <img src="/images/icons/laugh.gif" /> The cure is multiple warm baths, and spending several nights observing the "Beehive." <img src="/images/icons/wink.gif" /> <div class="Discussion_UserSignature"> Differential Diagnosis: "I am both amused and annoyed that you think I should be less stubborn than you are." </div>

weeman · Jan 8, 2007

I once heard an analogy for the jets that stream out from a blackhole. When there is so much matter being sucked into a blackhole at such high velocities, large amounts of energy are released (this is the x-rays and gamma rays). The analogy is like taking a fire hose, turning it on full blast, and trying to fit all the water into a beer bottle. It's absolutely not going to happen. This is similar to the matter spilling into a blackhole. Not all of the matter makes it into the blackhole, the blackhole sort of chokes on all the matter coming in. So, it releases the matter at such speeds that we see energy in the forms of x-rays and gamma rays. Of course, we can only see these jets extending from outside the event horizon. If they were inside the event horizon, we simply would not see them. Since x-rays and gamma rays are part of the electromagnetic spectrum, and everything on the spectrum travels at the speed of light, then there is no way we could see these if they are beyond the event horizon. <div class="Discussion_UserSignature"> Techies: We do it in the dark. "Put your hand on a stove for a minute and it seems like an hour. Sit with that special girl for an hour and it seems like a minute. That's relativity." -Albert Einstein </div>

Saiph · Jan 8, 2007

don't forget that there is actual matter in the jets, not just high energy photons. <div class="Discussion_UserSignature"> --------------------SaiphMOD@gmail.com -------------------"This is my Timey Wimey Detector. Goes "bing" when there's stuff. It also fries eggs at 30 paces, wether you want it to or not actually. I've learned to stay away from hens: It's not pretty when they blow" -- The Tenth Doctor, "Blink" </div>

kyle_baron · Jan 8, 2007

don't forget that there is actual matter in the jets, not just high energy photons. That matter would have to be plasma, right? <div class="Discussion_UserSignature"> </div>

weeman · Jan 8, 2007

You're right, there is most likely a mixture of matter within the jets. However, the jets that we see are outside of the event horizon. CuriousGeorge's initial post was that it doesn't make sense that we can see these jets if a blackhole sucks in everything. Since the jets we see are outside the event horizon, the light waves are able to escape, and reach Earth, since the jets are in a region where the escape velocity is less than the speed of light. <div class="Discussion_UserSignature"> Techies: We do it in the dark. "Put your hand on a stove for a minute and it seems like an hour. Sit with that special girl for an hour and it seems like a minute. That's relativity." -Albert Einstein </div>

alokmohan · Jan 9, 2007

The earth has horizon.not event horizon.Below hoeizon you canit see anything.

alokmohan · Jan 10, 2007

Yes ok.Wehave to make so many statements to make it popular.

alokmohan · Jan 15, 2007

Energy out put of black hole is of cosmic use.We have quasars.

nexium · Jan 15, 2007

I agree with Steve. The energy comes from just outside the event horizon. It takes trillions of years to evaporate a black hole of one solar mass or less. We have not found any black holes less than one solar mass, nor detected the evaporation energy. Much of what we "know" about black holes is likely to change over the years and the new theories may also be at least slightly wrong. The extremely low mass black holes, we think we made in the labortory, evaporatied in about a billionth of a second. Many experts think they did not make black holes. Neil

olivebird111 · Jan 15, 2007

so that means that there are objects and energy that can propell that object fast enough to get out of black hole?

MeteorWayne · Jan 15, 2007

No, once it's "in" the black hole, nothing (other than virtual particles, see Hawking radiation) can escape. But just outside the surface of the black hole, extremely violent stuff goes on, and some of that throws material and energy away from the surface. That is what we see. <div class="Discussion_UserSignature"> But the Krell forgot one thing John. Monsters. Monsters from the Id. I really, really, really, really miss the "first unread post" function </div>

olivebird111 · Jan 15, 2007

so if a black hole is so strong then why dont it suck itself in, like some stuff that are on the outside surface

MeteorWayne · Jan 15, 2007

It does suck itself in, that's what a black hole is. Outside of the event horizon, the stuff is outside of the black hole, so can escape. <div class="Discussion_UserSignature"> But the Krell forgot one thing John. Monsters. Monsters from the Id. I really, really, really, really miss the "first unread post" function </div>

alokmohan · Jan 16, 2007

You might be knowing degeneration of matter.When matter is degenerated it loses fight against gravity.For stars larger than 3 solar masses,it collpseson itselt.

If nothing can escape a black hole...

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