Light speed

[Alain Serhal]

Hope you will find what you are looking for.

 

[Alain Serhal]

The Speed of Light in nature and absolute emptiness is a constant irrational speed that is equal to π Megameters/Centisecond

C=π Mm/Cs (Megameters/Centisecond)

C=3.14.... Mm/Cs

it could also be expressed in :

C= π dm/ns (decimeter/nanosecond)

C=3.14.... dm/ns or C=31.4....cm/ns

 

[Jzz]

The average human life span in the present day is approx. 70+ years. A light year is 9.4 x 10^14 km. That is A DISTANCE OF approx. 10 trillion kilometers. Even if we were to travel at 1,000 Km/s (3,600,000 kmh) it would still take about 317 years to travel a distance of a light year. That is about 4.5 human life times on average. The tragedy is that even if were to travel that far, there are no stars and therefore no planets within that distance. The next closest star to earth is Proxima Centauri about 4.67 light years from earth. What is strange, is that we are so isolated in the Universe. It is almost as if it were deliberately done. The question is why can't we travel to distant stars and explore the Universe. Why are we so isolated here on earth. What is the meaning of life? Is it true as modern science believes that there is no purpose to life? Yet, look at the facts, today domestic internet connections are already at around one Megabit per second. If this is translated to a word a second, it would take a person saying a word every second for thirty seven thousand years to convey the information that is now conveyed via the internet in one second. This being so, what gives?

 

[Alain Serhal]

We live hundred of years of life like it is One of the hundred centisecond of the second time of Death, in the π megameters travel of the Light speed.

Everything in Nature act within the speed of Light. We are in Light. Look around you. We are in Light. We live in Light. It is the quark of Life that everything is based on. It is the smallest massless particles ever and the biggest one forever. The Nature is in the middle of nowhere, where Light creates.
It is the shell of the universe that have no edge eternally and eternity. The extremely smaller quark of photon is the same one in the end of the universe and the same of all photons together at infinity extreme universes, even in between "Countable Photons", because Light generates Darkness itself.

“Darkness doesn’t exisit…The abscence of Light gives Darkness” Albert Einstein.

“We are Light, even if we don’t exist”. Alain Serhal

The time on earth is not the same in the multi universes but the warping spacetime have One Time for all the memory times that space remembers. As when you die your time is equal to all your times. What you do here is extremely longer on what you do after. It is so precious that you exist in the emptiness of nothigness where your existence broke the law of emptiness and it is the secret of the life after death. This means that you exist the time you existed and there is a continuity after that and for that reason you exist because nothigness means nothing which make no sense.

For what reason did you exist for if there is nothing after death‼! Or if the end is emptiness. And if the emptiness was the beginning and the dominance from where existence popped up, therefore life does not exist at All and because life and death exist there is an eternal life at eternity light. Why all those stars and planets are made for‼! It is not only a decoration in the universe. It is the mechanism of the universes as above so below. It is the speed of Light that is so fast for human being but so slow for the extreme giant space that give the equilibrium that counts and nothing is so far to reach if the humankind become more intelligent and develope the relation in between “in there present time” to ameliorate technology.

It is about time travel in the tunnel of spacetime when Light is the soul to travel apart.
On another hand, the body “Matter” is the followed by the soul “Light” the same way the Light is the commander energy “electrons” of the black holes “star gazers”. It is like the dream that reach to become reality everyday.

On another hand, when we sleep that Light inside your mind in the darkness travel to the parallel universe to teach you how to fly with your imagination. It is the habit that gives the energy the positive and negative reaction for a comfort Life to acknowledge yourself and enlighten your path to the next creative matrix events. It is your own world creation by a fraction of time and you see yourself you live so far with a longer time that belong to the Light inside darkness “Emptiness” in the multi universes. It is your own world creation that have all the parallel universe and # ones in connections and visits. It is Human kind decision on their own situation. It is the genius time for creation for a better transportation and transformation for the future linked to the past by the present time.

Maybe there is other human or different kind somewhere in other galaxies that needs to be in interaction and maybe not who knows what we are waiting for !!!The time pass as the speed of Light pass.

The death is a deep sleep.

When we die the last memory that stay that was created in all your life, there you go. If it is bad or if it is good it is up to you because you are the one who create it. Automatically your soul go there by the link energy of the ora mass that belong to nature (To dust you come back) and your metamorphic soul "the Light" travels to the next Life entertainment.

Furthermore, The speed of Light C=π is the incarnation of an eternal photon loop that breath life and death eternally in the shell of the multi universes, that belong to the Light of human being as they will be the generator souls of the next generation.
The Light is the memory that never dies that generate the matter and sets the key for the timeline of past present and future.

Our memories belong to the eternal process of the energy ora of the soul, where it travels between the times gates for the presence of existence. It could be in lesser time or faster time but the average in between is the speed of Light, the speed of the soul entity that is irrational and doesn’t end. It is like the cell that breath and once it dies it metamorphic to the other world.

The present is the key of past and future for the soul tele-transportation in the Universe for where we belongs eternally. The present is the key of the constant speed of Light C= π Megameters/Centisecond. The existence is the presence of Nature.

The Emptiness is in Light and not Light is in emptiness. It is the Light existence behind the breathing edges of the universe that float elliptically "Spherical average" as it is the same photon quark that propagate in emptiness and create the gravity vacuum behind.

The Death is the StarGate portal tunnel of space-time where the soul exit from the human body and become the energy Light of the other world, the same way human kind discovers more the speed of Light relation, holographic interaction to confront the time of the Space-time and play with space light and gravity for a better understanding the universe for new technology and better life enhancement, as one day they will become the One that remain.

Finally, we are the immortal, and of course the Universe will not die in the end of the Armageddon time because it is the Light that stay after all and it is the proof of the existence of the emptiness.
In the end, Human Being may face the born again process for many levels accomplishment to proceed for eternal Life.

 

[Jzz]

We live hundred of years of life like it is One of the hundred centisecond of the second time of Death, in the π megameters travel of the Light speed.

Surely these kind of mutterings are in the same category as priests who soliloquize about heaven and hell? However, I do believe that a large part of what you say is true. Light is born out of light it travels through light and then returns into light. This is the same way in which a wave travels in water or sound travels in air. The medium through which light travels is what we at preset term dark matter and in the past was termed the aether.

 

[Catastrophe]

It has been suggested that light (and other em) is a form of perpetual motion. Once emitted it goes on forever, at undiminished speed, or until it hits something. Otherwise, how do we see objects from billions of lightyears away?

Cat

 

[Atlan0001]

Nothing defies the idea of absolute speed, absolute space, absolute time, and absolute distance (such as light seconds to light years) like quantum entanglement, microcosmic and/or macrocosmic. Both ends measure a local constant speed of light to be 'c', yet information (state) exchange between the two states is instantaneous rather than at the speed of light.

Can time be entangled as well as space in "spooky action at a distance"? Latitudinal and longitudinal coordinate points of space and time (and space-time). Infinities of varying, and variable, coordinate points. Coordinates instantaneously updated at all points at all times for all time. A Universe (U) coordinating itself, everything in and to it, instantaneously, simultaneously, at all times and for all time. A Universe effectively knowing itself and governing itself (able to govern itself) at all times and for all time. A Universe that can and does manage chaos at all points . . . everywhere at all times (at once), for all time, timelessly and spacelessly (sic).

I'm not really pressing any point here. Well maybe I'm coming at one from a different approach. Since all travelers at whatever speed through space and time they travel will measure the local-relative speed of light 'c', they will be speeding through a coordinate space and time! Whichever star Centauri a traveler travels to from Sol, the traveler travels 4.0 light years to 0. Continuously powered (when the means is found), that accelerated trip accelerating into a future (+) ahead could make for a faster trip than ever previously believed. Sol, on the other hand, recoils time for time in the coordinate system, traveling 0 to 4.0 light years from the traveler. The accelerated trip accelerating into a past (-) behind could make for a faster trip than ever previously believed. The direct exchange, a past (-) > future (+) ahead for a future (+) > past (-) behind, under continuous power, possibly making for a shorter trip than anyone might believe.

Ahead would be trip slower than the speed of light, no matter how fast time apparently speeds up, and space apparently contracts, for the traveler. Behind, a trip once said to be faster than the speed of light, as it is an accelerating expansion of universe sending all in it including Sol into background universe. Now what causes this twin but opposite effect like two quantum entangled particles that will have precisely opposite spins? 1.) The speed of light being constant. 2.) There being in existence a space and time coordinate system as a constant of pre-existing ground floor: everywhere and forever in instantaneous predestined update. Like the old saying "All roads lead to Rome," all the futures lead to foreground Now t=0 (0-point) and all the background pasts point toward merger with ultimate background origin / infinity ('1').

Not quite how I intended to tell it, but it'll do. I now know well how a writer feels when the well-known characters and story lines of a story take off on their own and the writer is left simply following where they lead instead of leading them. I have a picture and model, it works very well for me, and I am left mostly just moving around in it, looking deeper into it, finding more spokes, occasionally different independently confirming and reinforcing spokes not seen before, into the same hub picture and model. Less and less now am I having to tweak it.
------------------------

It's a multi-faceted, multi-dimensional, Multiverse Universe.

 

[Alain Serhal]

It has been suggested that light (and other em) is a form of perpetual motion. Once emitted it goes on forever, at undiminished speed, or until it hits something. Otherwise, how do we see objects from billions of lightyears away?

Cat

The light stay constant forever as speed so when it hit something it is massless it is not the way like we think in mechanics i mean it does not stop then it will be reflected as speed.
In the end it is the same particles of light that is emerged in a duality format like a mirror reflection that those light direction pop up from dark photons, an energy reaction of an electron that was on the surface; then the symetric light is reflected on our eyes. Otherwise the photon stay the smallest particles and smaller more then atoms or protons or graviton that tend to go the black hole in the condensed way to form those matter as a backup in eternity.
It is the all way of perpetual direction of photons speed together of # direction that warp in the spacetime.
And BY THE WAY IT IS THE SAME PHOTON (THE REFLECTED ONE)

 

[Alain Serhal]

Nothing defies the idea of absolute speed, absolute space, absolute time, and absolute distance (such as light seconds to light years) like quantum entanglement, microcosmic and/or macrocosmic. Both ends measure a local constant speed of light to be 'c', yet information (state) exchange between the two states is instantaneous rather than at the speed of light.

Can time be entangled as well as space in "spooky action at a distance"? Latitudinal and longitudinal coordinate points of space and time (and space-time). Infinities of varying, and variable, coordinate points. Coordinates instantaneously updated at all points at all times for all time. A Universe (U) coordinating itself, everything in and to it, instantaneously, simultaneously, at all times and for all time. A Universe effectively knowing itself and governing itself (able to govern itself) at all times and for all time. A Universe that can and does manage chaos at all points . . . everywhere at all times (at once), for all time, timelessly and spacelessly (sic).

I'm not really pressing any point here. Well maybe I'm coming at one from a different approach. Since all travelers at whatever speed through space and time they travel will measure the local-relative speed of light 'c', they will be speeding through a coordinate space and time! Whichever star Centauri a traveler travels to from Sol, the traveler travels 4.0 light years to 0. Continuously powered (when the means is found), that accelerated trip accelerating into a future (+) ahead could make for a faster trip than ever previously believed. Sol, on the other hand, recoils time for time in the coordinate system, traveling 0 to 4.0 light years from the traveler. The accelerated trip accelerating into a past (-) behind could make for a faster trip than ever previously believed. The direct exchange, a past (-) > future (+) ahead for a future (+) > past (-) behind, under continuous power, possibly making for a shorter trip than anyone might believe.

Ahead would be trip slower than the speed of light, no matter how fast time apparently speeds up, and space apparently contracts, for the traveler. Behind, a trip once said to be faster than the speed of light, as it is an accelerating expansion of universe sending all in it including Sol into background universe. Now what causes this twin but opposite effect like two quantum entangled particles that will have precisely opposite spins? 1.) The speed of light being constant. 2.) There being in existence a space and time coordinate system as a constant of pre-existing ground floor: everywhere and forever in instantaneous predestined update. Like the old saying "All roads lead to Rome," all the futures lead to foreground Now t=0 (0-point) and all the background pasts point toward merger with ultimate background origin / infinity ('1').

Not quite how I intended to tell it, but it'll do. I now know well how a writer feels when the well-known characters and story lines of a story take off on their own and the writer is left simply following where they lead instead of leading them. I have a picture and model, it works very well for me, and I am left mostly just moving around in it, looking deeper into it, finding more spokes, occasionally different independently confirming and reinforcing spokes not seen before, into the same hub picture and model. Less and less now am I having to tweak it.
------------------------

It's a multi-faceted, multi-dimensional, Multiverse Universe.

In space if there is an object alone floating in emptiness of space you don't know exactly where it is if you don't take relative (relativity landmark) as an approach.

So the space quantum quanitity of dark photons are uncountable. Once the object is countable when light is activated by energy through that matter object. Inversally speaking light is the shell of the universe and it has a constant speed where you know everything in that space where they are placed and for that reason you know exactly by relativity each object where it is.

But in emptiness "darkness" you don't know how much you go in that space if you don't take a landmark and you approach it on how you are so far from that object.

The same is applied on light years of far distance stars. It is not the way calculated as it is from earth distance 365.25 days when you go far from our solar system. It is another subject matter. So distance will differs within time and with C.

And don't forget the warping spacetime that make time dilatation or concentrated in empty space.

So i think humankind will travel from galaxies to another one or from stars to another one in another countable format in extremely lesser time. I mean once they go out maybe they will see themselves that they are there directly easily, but it took a little time for them because of the speed of Light relative approach.

Maybe in the future they will create the anti gravity or real interactive hologram that make the ora light as a matter enlightenment and real as gaters for spacetime
From the theory C=π Mm/Cs
the calculation differs for a better future enhancements and new technologies.

 

[Jzz]

It has been suggested that light (and other em) is a form of perpetual motion. Once emitted it goes on forever, at undiminished speed, or until it hits something. Otherwise, how do we see objects from billions of lightyears away?

Cat

This is really a great, great subject to think about. Firstly, perpetual motion in what sense? Everything in space that is not gravitationally anchored, if given an initial impetus will travel forever. Yet, when speaking of light or other EM radiation this cannot be true because as has been observed from countless observations, light follows the inverse square law. So, the next question might be; does a wave travel forever in space in the same way that a particle is said to do? Obviously not! Because something or some property of space is causing that wave to disperse according to the inverse square law. Does this mean that light or EM radiation is interacting with space in some way that causes it to spread out in a manner identical to the way in which a sound wave spreads out in air or a wave in water spreads out. This is the first interesting aspect of the subject that has been raised. The second has to do with what makes light travel further. This question can again be answered from innumerable observations that the distance that light travels is dependent on the power that goes into creating and more important maintaining the light. This conclusion leads to yet another interesting idea. When viewed from space a light source might be seen as a ball of light surrounded by dark space. How can this be? If light follows the inverse square law and if from position A the light can be clearly seen as a ball of light surrounded by darkness, surely the rest of space should also be lit up to a similar extent? To this question the answer might be that there is not enough matter present in space for the light to interact with, and it therefore stays invisible. Fine! But, a captain on a ship, might experience the same situation, seeing a far-off light as a ball of illumination surrounded by darkness.

What if the power being supplied to the light source is only enough to sustain that particular volume or area and no further? As the source of the light continues to be powered, it doesn’t go out and on, instead it sticks to the area that it CAN power. This in turn gives the answer as to how light from billions of light years distant can be viewed in the present.

In order to see how this works, read my paper on “The Electromagnetic Universe.” A link to which is given below:

https://www.academia.edu/37258409/The_Electromagnetic_Universe_docx

 

[Alain Serhal]

This is really a great, great subject to think about. Firstly, perpetual motion in what sense? Everything in space that is not gravitationally anchored, if given an initial impetus will travel forever. Yet, when speaking of light or other EM radiation this cannot be true because as has been observed from countless observations, light follows the inverse square law. So, the next question might be; does a wave travel forever in space in the same way that a particle is said to do? Obviously not! Because something or some property of space is causing that wave to disperse according to the inverse square law. Does this mean that light or EM radiation is interacting with space in some way that causes it to spread out in a manner identical to the way in which a sound wave spreads out in air or a wave in water spreads out. This is the first interesting aspect of the subject that has been raised. The second has to do with what makes light travel further. This question can again be answered from innumerable observations that the distance that light travels is dependent on the power that goes into creating and more important maintaining the light. This conclusion leads to yet another interesting idea. When viewed from space a light source might be seen as a ball of light surrounded by dark space. How can this be? If light follows the inverse square law and if from position A the light can be clearly seen as a ball of light surrounded by darkness, surely the rest of space should also be lit up to a similar extent? To this question the answer might be that there is not enough matter present in space for the light to interact with, and it therefore stays invisible. Fine! But, a captain on a ship, might experience the same situation, seeing a far-off light as a ball of illumination surrounded by darkness.

What if the power being supplied to the light source is only enough to sustain that particular volume or area and no further? As the source of the light continues to be powered, it doesn’t go out and on, instead it sticks to the area that it CAN power. This in turn gives the answer as to how light from billions of light years distant can be viewed in the present.

In order to see how this works, read my paper on “The Electromagnetic Universe.” A link to which is given below:

https://www.academia.edu/37258409/The_Electromagnetic_Universe_docx

Absolutely correct and true for the active energetic photon that last its cycle enough to last more into dark matter. The more you have energy the more the light will go far. The less you have energy the inverse situation tend to deactivate dark photon that become in the end the invisible emptiness (no spin no charge no mass no cycle.. nothigness at all).
In electrons there is yes or no 0 or 1 but in photon there is probability of yes or no and in between.
When we said mass we are talking about matter or Higgs or graviton "gravity".
The cycle of photonics spin if it is a line it tend to be circle in topology at infinity or a hole before or after infinity for the giant space or zooming the extreme small space. On earth you see earth flat but going far away you see earth circular "spherical". The same concept for photon while zooming on it or going far away "sinusoidal or spherical or conic elliptical" or seeing the beam light align like a line in normal human eye vision here on earth "laser beam".
The light when goes so far it become invisible as dark photon deactive from its cycle in its warping direction where its preserve its constant limit speed but in darkness it is considered as zeroness 0 as a hole in the subject matter which is absolute emptiness.
When we say light has a constant speed ratio π for its existence and for its absence the dark photon have also constant π speed ratio but emptiness is 0 speed in relative to them for the warping ) | ( or ( | ) for metamorphic cycle spin situation. That's why the light here is the same light there and in between, it is a trinity system of light photons, dark photons and absolute emptiness.

 

[Catastrophe]

Re: my post #31, note that I did not state my opinion, but reported a suggestion relevant to light speed. It may be considered relevant to make comparisons with sound speed (through gaseous media, or, indeed through liquid media. Are there important relevant conclusions to be made?

Cat

 

[Jzz]

Re: my post #31, note that I did not state my opinion, but reported a suggestion relevant to light speed. It may be considered relevant to make comparisons with sound speed (through gaseous media, or, indeed through liquid media. Are there important relevant conclusions to be made?
Cat

Point taken and with regard to your post #31 it should be noted that I have treated the question as a suggestion and not something that you personally believe in or advocate. Having said that and moving on to your latest conjecture: The answer, as I see it is a resounding yes. Taking the question of sound waves moving through gaseous media, it is extremely important. Here is why. Einstein treated light as if it were a solid. For instance, in one of his thought experiments, he describes a train with a light source situated in the middle of the train and two observers one behind the end of the train and the other at the front of the train. He then goes on to aver that light travels faster towards the observer at the front of the train faster and slower towards the observer at the back of the train. Meaning that he believes that light acquires the velocity of the train and therefore an observer in front of the train sees speed of light + speed of train while an observer behind the train sees speed of light – speed of train. Light travels as a wave and its speed cannot or should not be calculated like that of a solid. Sound shows ALL of the characteristic that a light wave possesses. For instance, the speed of a sound wave will remain constant regardless of whether, the observer is moving, or the source is moving or if the movement is towards or away from the source of the sound. Just like light! Consider the following situation: Take the case of sound from a stationary source at (A) travelling towards a point (B) which is 600 m distant. Consider that sound travels at 350 m/s therefore, it will take approximately 1.72 secs to cover the distance to (B). Now imagine that the sound (siren or whatever) is fitted onto a car travelling at 42 m/s, then if they both start off together from point (A) the sound should now take 600/ (42 m/s + 350 m/s) = 1.53 sec to cover the distance to B, right? Wrong says the result the sound will still take 1.72 sec to travel from point A to point B. The frequency of the sound might change but the velocity of the sound would remain the same. Therefore, it doesn’t matter at what speed the vehicle with the siren attached to it is moving, sound will travel at a fixed speed. In the present case sound will take 1.72 sec to reach from A to B. Consider now the case where the vehicle is travelling faster than the speed of sound. Here the vehicle will reach before the sound i.e., the sound barrier is broken. Precisely the same thing happens with light in Cherenkov radiation. Surely, it is an extremely strenuous stretch of the imagination to ignore all of these coincidences? Light, all electromagnetic radiation must travel through a medium and the most likely candidate for that medium is dark matter. 85% of all matter in the Universe is thought to be dark matter, together with the 5% visible matter that makes 90% and before relativity, the remaining 10% was thought to be made up of cold matter such as brown dwarfs and so on. It is difficult to accept but provably true that dark matter possesses all of the properties that were once attributed to the aether.

 

[billslugg]

All EM radiation is produced by moving charged particles. All charged particles have electric field lines that have extended out into the universe at the speed of light ever since that particle was created. When the particle is moved a kink develops in those field lines that travels outward at the speed of light. No ether is needed.

 

[Catastrophe]

Thank you both for your most interesting contributions.
In particular, Jzz posted "It is difficult to accept but provably true that dark matter possesses all of the properties that were once attributed to the aether. "

Does this suggest that dark matter provides a uniform and contiguous presence across the billions of light years over which light is presumed to travel?

Conversely, would not your suggestion require that dark matter has such properties, or can light have a constant speed through (what we know of) dark matter, or, again, might light speed vary in travelling over such distances according to any imagined variations in dark matter,

or, yet again, how might light travel between 'clumps' of dark matter (or variations in density?

Do we know enough of dark matter to support the suggestion in the first place?
I do not intend to be contentious but simply to probe the interesting possibility. Cat

Addition: From Encyclopaedia Britannica:
"ether, also spelled aether, also called luminiferous ether, in physics, a theoretical universal substance believed during the 19th century to act as the medium for transmission of electromagnetic waves (e.g., light and X-rays), much as sound waves are transmitted by elastic media such as air. The ether was assumed to be weightless, transparent, frictionless, undetectable chemically or physically, and literally permeating all matter and space." My underline and graying.

I have subsequently found this:

https://soundideas.pugetsound.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1239&context=summer_research

Altered as per COLGeek #41.

 

[COLGeek]

I would like to suggest that you guys consider adding a few lines in your "walls of text" to make reading by others easier. Massive blocks of words are very difficult for many readers and they will just move along instead of trying to wade through endless piles of words.

Just something to consider. Simply break into more paragraphs. Thank you.

 

[Catastrophe]

From post #40, I Googled:

"dark matter as transmission medium for light"

and obtained:

The Propagation of Light through Dark Matter
https://soundideas.pugetsound.edu › cgi › viewcontent
by A Kvam · 2013 — This implies that a dark matter medium will have non-trivial optical properties. In particular, the medium will be dispersive; that is, light traveling.

Missing: transmission ‎| Must include: transmission

 

[Atlan0001]

For some: Stop thinking 1-dimensionally. One and only one finite pond. One and only one pebble dropped. One and only one wave created. 1-dimensional, and 1-dimensional only, thinking and thought. It's alright to realize the reduction to stereotypical "set" of all, but not to the point of totally, completely, excluding the constituent 'all' (thus their other dimensionalities) that makes up that stereotypical "set."

There is an infinity of ponds (planes). To, in, each and all of countless many offset and overlapping ponds there has been (past tense (-)) countless many offset pebbles dropped. Thus, countless many offset and overlapping waves created (past tense (-)) passing massless through others' waves. There will be (future tense (+)) countless many more offset pebbles dropped, countless many more offset and overlapping massless waves created (future tense (+)) to pass massless through countless many others (both past and future tense (-/+)). Countless many offset and overlapping coordinate point crossroads existing in countless many offset and overlapping ponds, each and all of the infinity of crossroad points (t=0) always at the points (0-point) of waves' crossing and intermingling (interfacing), always in change, always quantum entangled and entangling, always in exchange of information (states), always in update (and not an instantaneous simultaneous ground floor (t=0 / 0-point) one of which travels).

 

[Jzz]

All EM radiation is produced by moving charged particles. All charged particles have electric field lines that have extended out into the universe at the speed of light ever since that particle was created. When the particle is moved a kink develops in those field lines that travels outward at the speed of light. No ether is needed.

It would be probably be more profitable if your post were looked at in greater detail than just to consider the broad statements that have been made. Firstly, your statement that all charged particles have electric field lines that extend out into space at the speed of light and that the charged particle possessed this property from the time of its creation is perfectly right. The fact that is missing from this scenario is that most charged particles are neutralised by equal and opposite charges. In order for lines of force to exist there must first be a difference of potential. When a difference of potential exists, the lines of force are clearly present. Looked at objectively, why have two fields that are so closely united that the one can never be found without the other? In fact, no experiment exists that can distinguish between a magnetic field and an electromagnetic field, they are identical. What is the connection. Isn’t it possible that two different fields, the electric and the magnetic don’t exist and that both phenomena are manifestations of a single phenomenon? Maxwell lived at the advent of the first Industrial revolution during the steam age. Is it a coincidence that his theory of oscillating self-perpetuating electric and magnetic fields is so similar to the working of a steam engine or an internal combustion engine. The fact that his model actually worked is not so strange, approximate models do work and work quite well. But returning to the problem of fields, what if there were only a single di-polar field. A field that exists throughout the Universe. It would explain everything. An electric field would then merely be the polarisation of the di-polar field and the magnetic (electromagnetic field) would be the energised field. No need for two disparate fields. At present the observation is that moving charges produce a magnetic field, which could equally be stated as an electric field is static while a magnetic field is dynamic. Same facts different interpretation.

 

[Jzz]

Does this suggest that dark matter provides a uniform and contiguous presence across the billions of light years over which light is presumed to travel?

Once again, this statement has to be looked at objectively. What are the norms that apply here? Does the fact that physicists have suggested that the whole of the Universe is filled with a neutrino field make sense, or that it is filled with a gravitational field, an electric field and a magnetic field make sense. Is it acceptable to think in these terms? Apparently, it is. Since that is the case, it makes sense to conclude that dark matter might permeate the whole of the Universe. Calculations conclude that dark matter has to exist, those same calculations cannot determine how much of it exists. 85% is a pretty big figure and that is a figure obtained solely from the influence that Dark Matter has on galaxies.

Dark matter has very low interaction with matter, if it were possible to collect some dark matter it would be impossible to weigh it, it would just sink right through the machine. Therefore, to speak of different densities of dark matter existing in different places in the Universe is ridiculous. The next thing to consider is that it interacts with electromagnetic radiation in a very special way, it allows all electromagnetic to pass through it without the slightest interference while at the same time it results in the dispersion of electromagnetic radiation passing through it in keeping with the inverse square law. An explanation of how this takes place can be found in the link posted in my post at #35.

According to this theory dark matter is composed of the very first photons, if one looks at the ratio of photons to matter it is staggering ,about 100,000,000,000,000 photons to every particle per second! What happened to these early photons created during the Big Bang in such prodigious numbers? They could not cross over the edge of the Universe because by definition nothing exists there. So they accumulated within the Universe, forming a linked network. As the Universe expanded these early photons expanded with the Universe, this resulted in depleting their individual energies to something like 10^-40 J making them all but invisible but also with extremely long life times. Dark matter is also responsible for the propagation of gravity. Newton's problem with action at a distance solved. There is a mechanical connection.

 

[billslugg]

Yes, most electric fields are cancelled out by closely lying particles of the opposite charge but EM waves are created by unbalanced moving charges. And you are correct there is not actually two fields, electric and magnetic they are the same thing. Magnetism is simply the consequence of Lorentz contraction applied to a moving charge. The fact a moving charge creates a magnetic field was stated by Maxwell. Einstein saw this and knew that motion was relative. It was one of the things that caused him to write his theories. The Michelson-Morely experiment showed conclusively there was no aether and the speed of light was invariant in inertial frames of reference.

 

[Catastrophe]

Jzz and billslug - thank you very much for your very interesting posts. As I made clear at the outset, I have no position on this question, but am taking a serious interest. Thus I find much of importance in your replies. I am neither agreeing, nor disagreeing, yet with what you are posting, but will seriously consider your points of view.

In other words, I will study them very seriously and see how they fit with what I know and can find out (latterly, about points you raise, of which I am unaware). One point which strikes me immediately is that "dark matter is suggested to possesses all of the properties that were once attributed to the aether." yet was not detected by the Michelson-Morely Experiment. I am interested to see the suggestion that dark matter might be evenly distributed throughout the Universe. I thought that it had been found to be unevenly distributed, and recently read of a galaxy claimed to be deficient in DM.

Anyway, thank you again for your thought-provoking inputs, which I will need a little time to study, and I will revert as soon as practicable. Since I entered this discussion with no firm opinion (or knowledge) of the specifics, as stated earlier, I have to compare your inputs with newly (for me) researched material. I do find the subject of very serious and utterly important content, basic to our fundamental understanding of the Universe, and hope others will find it equally fundamental. Thank you again for your highly thought-provoking inputs.

Cat

 

[Catastrophe]

References or other points of interest to post #47 to be added here. To be treated as work in progress:

Dark energy is the outflow of dark matter along the pole of our universe's central black hole | Space.com Forums

QUOTE
“Existing dark matter theory predicts that any random galaxy may contain larger or smaller fractions of dark matter. So, when one measures the visible mass, you could potentially be missing a huge chunk of the total mass. As a result, visible mass should be a very poor predictor of the total mass (and thereby rotational speed) of the galaxy. The galaxy's mass could be similar to that of the visible (ordinary) mass or it could be much larger.
Thus, there is no reason to expect that the visible mass should be a good predictor of the rotational speed of the galaxy. Yet it is.
--- By Dr. Don Lincoln of Fermilab”

https://www.livescience.com/59814-is-dark-matter-real.html

This solid observation makes no sense under the theory of Dark Matter as a tiny particle. This is a major reason why the theory of Dark Matter is being seriously questioned by the scientific community."
QUOTE




QUOTE (LONG)
Some really thought-provoking matters are raised in an article “Is the Big Bang in Crisis” by Dan Hooper (Astronomy May 2020). The author is a senior scientist at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory in Illinois, and a professor of Astronomy and Astrophysics at the University of Chicago; also author of At the Edge of Time: Exploring the Mysteries of Our Universe’s First Seconds. The article is sub-titled “Stubborn problems with dark matter, dark energy, and cosmic expansion have some astronomers re-thinking what we know about the early universe”.

Although science provides stunning agreement based on powerful observations, cosmologists have struggled – “if not outright failed –to understand essential facts of the universe” he suggests. These include dark matter and dark energy (which together make up more than 95% of the total energy in existence today); and how the universe’s protons, electrons and neutrons could have survived the effects of the Big Bang. “Everything we know about the laws of physics tells us that these particles should have been destroyed by antimatter long ago. And in order to make sense of the universe, cosmologists have been forced to conclude that space, during its earliest moments, must have undergone a brief and spectacular period of hyperfast expansion – an event known as cosmic inflation. Yet we know next to nothing about this key era of cosmic history”. Whilst it is possible that science may resolve these difficulties on further investigation, “we have not gained any substantively greater understanding of the nature of dark energy, the force that seems to be accelerating the expansion of the cosmos”. Or do these problems signify something more than just a few loose ends? Do they, perhaps, point us towards a very different picture of our universe and its early development?

https://imgur.com/0xPOIRd

View: https://imgur.com/0xPOIRd


View: https://imgur.com/a/qPCsZA7


QUOTE
This Hubble Space Telescope composite image shows a ghostly "ring" of dark matter in the galaxy cluster ZwCl0024+1652.

The ring-like structure is evident in the blue map of the cluster's dark matter distribution. The map is superimposed on a Hubble image of the cluster. The ring is one of the strongest pieces of evidence to date for the existence of dark matter, an unknown substance that pervades the Universe. [My emphasis]

The map was derived from Hubble observations of how the gravity of the cluster ZwCl0024+1652 distorts the light of more distant galaxies, an optical illusion called gravitational lensing. Although astronomers cannot see dark matter, they can infer its existence by mapping the distorted shapes of the background galaxies. The mapping also shows how dark matter is distributed in the cluster.

Astronomers suggest that the dark-matter ring was produced from a collision between two gigantic clusters.

QUOTE (LONG)


A Dark Matter Deficient Galaxy | Center for Astrophysics (harvard.edu)
dated 9/24/21

Dark matter | CERN (home.cern)


ATLAS sees first direct evidence of light-by-light scattering at high energy | ATLAS Experiment at CERN

 

[Catastrophe]

Following on from post #48, as I stated, I am not 'taking sides' here - I got the above (probably because statistically there are more older system posts than newer system posts) which are disproportionate. I am calling your ideas newer system.

I am getting very few newer system posts because there are fewer, but probably also because I do not know the correct Google searches to make, so my searches are favouring older system hits.

I am using, for example: "dark matter as transmission medium for light".

Can you please help me to get a fair balance by suggesting more Google search items to get me newer system hits? Thank you in advance for your kind suggestions.

Cat

 

[billslugg]

If dark matter were the medium through which light propagated at "c"then dark matter itself would need to move at the speed of light in a vacuum. But dark matter has mass thus cannot go that fast. Right? Wrong? Maybe?