And I think we all appreciate that high regard. I will do my best to live up to it!<br /><br />It is of course correct that a computer model is only that -- a model. A simpler example of the limitations of models is the modeling & simulation work that my own company is doing to test a certain product we're developing. Now, you have to do some testing before you can do complete end-to-end live testing; otherwise you'll have a ridiculously unmanageable number of bugs to cope with when you get to that point, and odds are very good you won't even be able to pin most of them down simply because there are so gosh darned many of them. So instead of using actual hardware, we hook our controller units up to a computer which simulates the hardware. That way we can test the software that processes data and issues the relevant commands.<br /><br />That doesn't mean it'll work when we finally get out into the field for end-to-end testing. I'd be shocked if there were no bugs. But there will be far fewer of them. You'll have worked out a lot of your initialization problems (which are less trivial than you might think), validated the basic logic, gotten a handle on your procedures, and detected a lot of data management and buffering issues. So when you do get to end-to-end testing, you only need to do the expensive testing with live equipment for a few weeks rather than a few months. The simulation was enormously valuable, even if it was not capable of simulating reality with absolute perfection.<br /><br />You do want your simulation to be as high-fidelity as is practical, whether you are working in engineering or pure research. The more simplified it is, the fewer quirks will show up.<br /><br />When it comes to this sort fo pure research, a computer model is essentially just a collection of mathematical formulas which are ordinarily far too time-consuming to solve for a useful set of values. If it would take a century to do all of the calculations, it's not going to hap <div class="Discussion_UserSignature"> <p> </p><p><font color="#666699"><em>"People assume that time is a strict progression of cause to effect, but actually from a non-linear, non-subjective viewpoint it's more like a big ball of wibbly wobbly . . . timey wimey . . . stuff."</em> -- The Tenth Doctor, "Blink"</font></p> </div>