"Did Linenger give any details on what caused him to panic during a Mir EVA"<br /><br />Roger. He wrote a chapter on it.<br />He suffered from a sensation of falling. It happened when he was on a telescopic pole thing and as he moved away form the craft he became aware of the speed they were flying at. He calls it "terror" which I think sounds worse than "panic". He also noted that the guys fixing the Hubble ST felt this as well."<br /><br />Sounds like a "failure" of "breakoff phenomenon". Breakoff phenomenon occurs when your frame of reference shifts from a farther base reference to a local one. When you are sitting in an aircraft, spacecraft, etc., you do NOT feel as if you are far above the earth because your brain tells you that the "local" floor is solid ground. Even in an orbiting spacecraft, most people apparently have breakoff take hold because they don't have a major frame of reference to the Earth. (Most pilots I know get acrophobia if they are up on a high ladder because their brain tells them the "local frame of reference" is the ground, not the rungs of the ladder!) The one time when I experienced it was riding as a passenger in a commercial airliner, and looked straight down through a hole in both layers of a double cloud layer, and could not only see both, but the ground as well! Gave me a three-dimensional depth of field. Never had it before or since in an aircraft.<br /><br />I suspect that being OUTSIDE of a spacecraft, in such an orientation that one got the 3-D effect with the Earth as the base reference, instead of the spacecraft would do it, as apparently it did! Obviously, the thing to do would have been to have immediately re-directed attention to the closer spacecraft, and physically blocking out the Earth! Of course, I've never been up there...dang it!<br /><br />Ad Luna! Ad Aries! Ad Astra!