Question How do stars form?

[Catastrophe]

Harry,

Yes, the universe is infinite.

Infinite is a non-term. It is a mathematical fiction based on an impossible (unrealistic) predication
(a declaration of something self-evident; something that can be assumed as the basis for argument

As long as we have the 'current' speed of light, we are stuck with the constraints of a limited observable (personal) universe (small 'u'). In this context I can almost sanction the use of a non-word, since it seems to me unlikely that mankind will progress beyond this during the time we might reasonably expect to exist.

Since we will probably never pass beyond the constraint of a relatively small (if you want some linguistic nonsense, then call it infinitely small) shared observable universe since mankind is effectively limited (for the time being at least) (we might as well approximate a shared observable universe) it is, IMHO, senseless to waste time thinking about it.

I would settle for "the Universe is of unknowable extent. Best restrict ourselves to our observable universe(s)".

Cat

 

[Harry Costas]

Hello Catastrophe
The term infinite
means infinite.

Years gone by.
The universe was thought to be only our milky way.
Then the Hubble telescope showed the world deep field image 13.2 billion years.
and trillions of stars.
Now the James Webb can see 13.4 billion plus.
Once we thought we could see one super cluster of galaxy.
Now we can see over 19 super clusters.

The only limit we have is when people limit the possibilities.

Yes, the universe is infinite, and we can predict what is beyond.

 

[Catastrophe]

Hello Catastrophe
The term infinite
means infinite.

Years gone by.
The universe was thought to be only our milky way.
Then the Hubble telescope showed the world deep field image 13.2 billion years.
and trillions of stars.
Now the James Webb can see 13.4 billion plus.
Once we thought we could see one super cluster of galaxy.
Now we can see over 19 super clusters.

The only limit we have is when people limit the possibilities.

Yes, the universe is infinite, and we can predict what is beyond.

Harry, I disagree. The limit is set by the speed of light and the distance of originating object. Even without any alleged expansion, it may be that some objects are so far away that their light will never reach our descendants before humans become extinct, if ever.

The speed of light and distance of originating objects are beyond our control. Hence humans do not limit any possibilities. How can we predict "what is beyond"?



Cat

 

[Harry Costas]

On one hand you say the universe is infinite and on the other hand you have a limit.

I had similar discussion with NASA before the million second Hubble focus in an area of rice seed.
They told me that we would see the start of the BB.
I told them that they will see over 5000 galaxies in various stages as though they have been there.

 

[Atlan0001]

Infinity (both infinite and infinitesimal, in fact ultimately one and the same) is quality, not quantity. Countless. Without number. How many universes are on the head of a pin . . . the crest of a fingernail . . . in a drop of water?! Innumerable! An open system. A closed system. Open systemically, far and away well beyond the speed of light. And, at once, closed systemically, well within the speed of light. Multi-dimensional MULTIVERSE Universe of many universes, many horizons, many worlds.

The expansion, and the compaction (contraction) is the reactive equal but opposite local to the distant nonlocal infinite. It marks the local finite, relative "potential" of the distant (distant in omni directions) nonlocal infinity (both infinite and infinitesimal).

 

[Atlan0001]

"How can we predict what is beyond?" One predictable prediction in Chaos Theory's fractal zooms levels of universe (universes) is easily predictable, we are what is beyond. Our world of observability is beyond a horizon of relativity's breakdown . . . and this side of yet another horizon of relativity's breakdown. A ship, or a hologram, or a warp-space-bubble soliton, afloat in infinities (including infinities of event branches (universal branching out into every possible path at every individual point of spacetime . . . entropy, the never-ending turn, return, to the 'Wild')).

 

[Adoni Yannop]

Yes, the universe is infinite.

M87 is closer to 10 billion solar masses.
It is the center and gravity sink of our local group of galaxies, which includes the Milkyway and Andromeda.
Which is part with other groups of galaxies forming part of the Virgo Supercluster, which has a core over 200 billion solar masses as a rough estimate considering being a gravity sink for many local groups of galaxies.
Which is part of the Laniakea Supercluster, which forms part of a group of superclusters of superclusters.

Tongue twister.
There is no mechanical limit to a condensate core.
Mechanics of what?

Well Harry!! What you call a mechanical Condensate Core Attractor, I call a harmonized low GP1 Aether Particle System similar to a Low Air Pressure-Low GP1 Aether Particle System Pressure System on Earth Except that the precipitation instead of rain and storms is Stars, Galaxies, Local Galactic Groups And Virgo Type Galactic Clusters!!
I've never seen an estimate for M87's SMBH of more than 7.22 billion solar masses with the current Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration estimate given @6.5 billion solar masses in April 2019!!
M87's SMBH is at the center of a Low GP1 Aether Particle System similar to the Eye Of A Hurricane on Earth With Its Low GP1 Aether Particle System Accretion Disc extending all the way to our Local Galactic Group 55 million light years away!!
All planet and star low GP1 Aether Particle Systems combine their low GP1 Aether Particle pressure to form galactic low GP1 Aether Particle System Accretion Discs that combine their low GP1 Aether Particle pressure to form galactic low GP1 Aether Particle System Accretion Discs that form Local Galactic Group low GP1 Aether Particle Systems!!
And the local galactic groups around M87 as the GP1 Aether Particles Flow to M87's SMBH as matter heats up in and around M87 Galaxy the fastest creating the lowest GP1 Aether Particle Pressure Locally that come together to make the Virgo Centric LOW GP1 Aether Particle System and The LOW Virgo Supercluster GP1 Aether Particle System!!
The only difference in our thoughts is whether physical GP1 Aether Particles of mass flow and "PUSH" our local galactic group around M87 and towards M87 as the GP1 Aether Particles Flow to M87's SMBH as matter heats up in and around M87 Galaxy the fastest!!
Or If the magical properties of "Condensate Matter" some how "ATTRACT" all the Virgo Centric Galaxies towards M87 Galaxy and each other!!

 

[Harry Costas]

Hello Adoni
I did not call it a mechanical condensate.

Quantum Mechanics is quite different.

I think in my opinion. you need to research a bit more before you start concluding.

But! good imagination sometimes goes along way.

 

[Adoni Yannop]

Hello Adoni
I did not call it a mechanical condensate.

Quantum Mechanics is quite different.

I think in my opinion. you need to research a bit more before you start concluding.

But! good imagination sometimes goes along way.

Harry!! What does "There is no mechanical limit to a condensate core." mean??
Are you trying to say that there is no upper mass limit to A SMBH??
Even though the most massive SMBH, yet discovered, is given as Phoenix A @100 Billion Solar Masses??
Appreciate your response!! Have a nice day!!

PS): My understanding of Quantum Mechanics is that it's the science of measurement?? Am I wrong??

 

[Harry Costas]

Give it time.
There are always bigger.
The limit has not been recorded.

We cannot set a limit, yet.

Ton 618 is about 66 billion solar masses.
Phoenix A 100 billion

Wait till the cows come home.

The core of superclusters of galaxies, is a possible contestant.
The core of clusters of superclusters, will it end.
I would not be surprised in the near future, to have 200 billion solar masses.

No limits yet

 

[Harry Costas]

Quantum Mechanics is about atoms and subatomic particles.

The word Quantum was introduced by Max Planck1900, trying to find the smallest.

 

[Harry Costas]

Catastrophe said.

"Harry, I disagree. The limit is set by the speed of light and the distance of originating object. Even without any alleged expansion, it may be that some objects are so far away that their light will never reach our descendants before humans become extinct, if ever.

The speed of light and distance of originating objects are beyond our control. Hence humans do not limit any possibilities. How can we predict "what is beyond"?"

The universe is infinite.
Whatever objects are out there, they have reached us.
Even if they go through their cycles.