An ATO (Abort To Orbit, for those who don't know) is basically just a suboptimal orbit at the end of the ascent.<br /><br />I looked up STS-51F at the NASA Historical Archive for Manned Spaceflight. It actually had <i>two</i> aborts -- an RSLS and an ATO. RSLS is where the launch is aborted after SSME ignition but before SRB ignition. In this case, the engines were shut down at T-3 seconds due to a problem with a coolant valve in SSME#2. That was on July 12, 1985. They managed to make it to liftoff on July 29, but this time the #1 engine gave them problems, shutting down at T+five minutes, 45 seconds. They climbed to a lower-than-intended orbit with only two engines. It was decided that this orbit, although not optimal, was adequate for the mission and with a bit of replanning to insert some extra orbits at the end of the mission, they were able to complete all of their objectives.<br /><br />
Read about STS-51F here.<br /> <div class="Discussion_UserSignature"> <p> </p><p><font color="#666699"><em>"People assume that time is a strict progression of cause to effect, but actually from a non-linear, non-subjective viewpoint it's more like a big ball of wibbly wobbly . . . timey wimey . . . stuff."</em> -- The Tenth Doctor, "Blink"</font></p> </div>