-- And where is that proof? We are not told.. And how in the name of all good sense does mathematics have anything to do with 'rock flowers?' --<br /><br />Well, let us see if you can follow some physics and math.<br /><br />I am going to prove first, that the amount of light from one direction , scattered by a surface in a particular other direction, depends only on two things: the brightness on the edges, and the total amount of light that is falling on that surface.<br />In other words, the total amount of scattered light does not depend on the shape of the surface involved, as long as those two values are fixed.<br /><br />From this follows, that if we have a shape where a darker than edges area present, there also should be present an area which is brighter then edges as well.<br /><br />In case of Martian flower presented, there is a darker than edges area, but there is no brighter than edges area.<br /><br />Which contradicts our rule about rock brightness.<br />The only case such thing can happen, is when the object is not a rock.<br /><br />This is the outline of a proof. It answers you question: "how mathematics have anything to do with 'rock flowers?' "<br /><br />If you agree with the logic here, and want to see the proof of the fact, that the total amount of scattered light does not depend on the shape of the surface involved, I can produce it for you too. <img src="/images/icons/smile.gif" /><br /><br />ES<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br />