Dipolar Electromagetic Condensate

[Harry Costas]

Condensates are misunderstood by many.
Atomic Matter can confine
Neutron Matter Core
can Confine ,
Quark matter core
can confine
Partonic matter core
Can confine Axion Gluon Matter
Can fine
Neutrino matter core ( scientists used to think of this as an infinite singularity)
The dipolar fields get more significant with compaction.
Eg, Milky Way black Hole vortices over 7 thousand years.
M87 over 100 thousand years.


[Submitted on 12 Apr 2025]

Vortices in Tunable Dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates with Attractive Interactions​

S. Sabari, R. Sasireka, R. Radha, A. Uthayakumar, L. Tomio

We investigate the formation of vortices in quasi-two-dimensional dipolar Bose-Einstein Condensates (BECs) through the interplay between two-body contact and long-ranged dipole-dipole interactions (DDIs), as both interactions can be tuned from repulsive to attractive. By solving the associated Gross-Pitaevskii equation for a rotating system, our initial approach concentrates on stabilizing a collapsing condensate with attractive s-wave two-body interactions by employing sufficiently large repulsive DDIs. Subsequently, the same procedure was applied after reversing the signs of both interactions to evaluate the sensitivity of vortex formation to such an interchange of interactions. As a reference to guide our investigation, valid for generic dipolar atomic species, we have assumed a condensate with the strong dipolar dysprosium isotope, 164Dy. The correlation of the results with other dipolar BEC systems was exemplified by considering rotating BECs with two other isotopes, namely 168Er and 52Cr. For a purely dipolar condensate (with zero contact interactions) under fixed rotation, we demonstrate how the number of visible vortices increases as the DDI becomes more repulsive, accomplished by tuning the orientation of the dipoles through a characteristic angle parameter.