Dipolar Electromagetic Condensate

[Harry Costas]

Condensates are misunderstood by many.
Atomic Matter can confine
Neutron Matter Core
can Confine ,
Quark matter core
can confine
Partonic matter core
Can confine Axion Gluon Matter
Can fine
Neutrino matter core ( scientists used to think of this as an infinite singularity)
The dipolar fields get more significant with compaction.
Eg, Milky Way black Hole vortices over 7 thousand years.
M87 over 100 thousand years.


[Submitted on 12 Apr 2025]

Vortices in Tunable Dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates with Attractive Interactions​

S. Sabari, R. Sasireka, R. Radha, A. Uthayakumar, L. Tomio

We investigate the formation of vortices in quasi-two-dimensional dipolar Bose-Einstein Condensates (BECs) through the interplay between two-body contact and long-ranged dipole-dipole interactions (DDIs), as both interactions can be tuned from repulsive to attractive. By solving the associated Gross-Pitaevskii equation for a rotating system, our initial approach concentrates on stabilizing a collapsing condensate with attractive s-wave two-body interactions by employing sufficiently large repulsive DDIs. Subsequently, the same procedure was applied after reversing the signs of both interactions to evaluate the sensitivity of vortex formation to such an interchange of interactions. As a reference to guide our investigation, valid for generic dipolar atomic species, we have assumed a condensate with the strong dipolar dysprosium isotope, 164Dy. The correlation of the results with other dipolar BEC systems was exemplified by considering rotating BECs with two other isotopes, namely 168Er and 52Cr. For a purely dipolar condensate (with zero contact interactions) under fixed rotation, we demonstrate how the number of visible vortices increases as the DDI becomes more repulsive, accomplished by tuning the orientation of the dipoles through a characteristic angle parameter.

 

[Harry Costas]

(Changes of the rotational period observed in various magnetized accreting sources are generally attributed to the interaction between the in-falling plasma and the large-scale magnetic field of the accretor)

My Opinion.
Dipolar jets expel matter, some at the speed of light, which, in my opinion, is fully expelled from the CORE and not by infalling matter. A prime example of nucleosynthesis.

[Submitted on 11 Apr 2025]

Don't torque like that. Measuring compact object magnetic fields with analytic torque models​

J. J. R. Stierhof (1), E. Sokolova-Lapa (1), K. Berger (1), G. Vasilopoulos (2 and 3), P. Thalhammer (1), N. Zalot (1), R. Ballhausen (4 and 5), I. El Mellah (6 and 7), C. Malacaria (8), R. E. Rothschild (9), P. Kretschmar (10), K. Pottschmidt (5 and 11), J. Wilms (1) ((1) Karl Remeis-Sternwarte and Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, (2) Department of Physics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, (3) Institute of Accelerating Systems & Applications Athens, (4) University of Maryland College Park, Department of Astronomy, (5) NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Astrophysics Science Division, (6) Departmento de Física, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, (7) Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Astrophysics and Space Exploration Santiago, (8) INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma, (9) Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California San Diego, (10) European Space Astronomy Centre Madrid, (11) Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland Baltimore County)

Context. Changes of the rotational period observed in various magnetized accreting sources are generally attributed to the interaction between the in-falling plasma and the large-scale magnetic field of the accretor. A number of models have been proposed to link these changes to the mass accretion rate, based on different assumptions on the relevant physical processes and system parameters. For X-ray binaries with neutron stars, with the help of precise measurements of the spin periods provided by current instrumentation, these models render a way to infer such parameters as the strength of the dipolar field and a distance to the system. Often, the obtained magnetic field strength values contradict those from other methods used to obtain magnetic field estimates.
Aims. We want to compare the results of several of the proposed accretion models. To this end an example application of these models to data is performed.
Methods. We reformulate the set of disk accretion torque models in a way that their parametrization are directly comparable. The application of the reformulated models is discussed and demonstrated using Fermi/GBM and Swift/BAT monitoring data covering several X-ray outbursts of the accreting pulsar 4U 0115+63.
Results. We find that most of the models under consideration are able to describe the observations to a high degree of accuracy and with little indication for one model being preferred over the others. Yet, derived parameters from those models show a large spread. Specifically the magnetic field strength ranges over one order of magnitude for the different models. This indicates that the results are heavily influenced by systematic uncertainties.