<font color="orange">The source of geological activity on Enceladus is a mystery. "We're amazed to see ice geysers on this<br /> little world that was thought to be cold and dead long ago," commented Dr. Dale Cruikshank of NASA Ames<br /> Research center, a member of the visual and infrared mapping spectrometer team. "Some unexpected <br />process is vigorously heating the interior of Enceladus, especially the south polar region, and causing the <br />ejection of the plumes of ice particles."<br /> <br />As the icy plumes jet out from the moon, the larger particles probably follow paths that mostly bring them<br /> back to the surface, while the smaller particles are nudged by sunlight into orbits around Saturn.<br />"Most of these small particles probably re-impact the <br />moon, but the smallest ones eventually disperse as a result of radiation (light) pressure and interactions with<br /> Saturn's magnetosphere to form the broad E ring," said Dr. Mark Showalter of the SETI Institute, Mountain<br /> View, Calif. Thus, the E ring is currently being regenerated by some kind of geological activity in the<br /> interior of Enceladus. <br /><br />During the Cassini spacecraft's flyby on Nov. 26, the visual and infrared mapping spectrometer instrument<br /> measured the spectrum of the polar plumes of Enceladus. "We see a very clear signature of small ice <br />particles in the plume data, in the form of a strong absorption band at 2.9 microns in an otherwise <br />featureless spectrum," said Dr. Phil Nicholson, professor of astronomy at Cornell University, Ithaca, N.Y. <br />Nicholson is a member of the visual and infrared mapping spectrometer science team.<br /> <br />The visual and infrared mapping spectrometer images of Enceladus show not only the plume over the south<br /> pole, but also the dark side of the moon, silhouetted against a foggy background of light from the E Ring.<br /> Measurements of the spectrum show a very similar signature of small ice particles to that in the plumes,<</safety_wrapper></font> <div class="Discussion_UserSignature"> Ron Bennett </div>