Question Infinity or not infinity that is the question.

[Catastrophe]

Harry, just to amplify a little.

Loving a marriage partner, is not the same as
Loving a parent or sibling, is not the same as
Loving a good friend, is not the same as
Loving a piece of music, is not the same as
Loving spaghetti bolognaise, is not the same as
Loving to watch a favourite TV program.

Having confidence in skiing, is not the same as (ability)
Having confidence in someone to keep an appointment, is not the same as (trust)
Having confidence in a newspaper, is not the same as (fairness)

Being a good friend, is not the same as (trust)
Having a good time, is not the same as (enjoyment)
Drinking a good wine, is not the same as (taste)
Making good time, is not the same as (punctuality)
Being good, is not the same as (behaviour)
Making good, (success)

There are many more examples, even if some of these refer only to shades of meaning.

Cat

 

[Atlan0001]

Fundamental binary base(....) '0' and/or '1' are not, is not, the same as (+/-) decimal '0' and/or '1'.

 

[Classical Motion]

For me, the confusion and discussion is not about context or definitions. It’s about the measurements.

You may believe that expanding space, taking galaxies with it, is causing those insane rates.

But it shows me that something is wrong. And it has to be the dogma of light, for that’s the only thing they will not consider.

Science has restricted itself with this dogma. And for the spacetime pure-est, this dogma is now impossible to either prove or disprove. And insist that velocity sets time and length.

I believe this intellect is of poor quality. It is more like a religion, then a science. With false relics.

Physics has become a philosophy now, instead of a science. A path for faith thought, instead of a path of discovery.

Just an observation. And the context gleaned from it. I believe redshift will be the greatest misunderstanding in science history.

And once that is cleared up, a new context for this cosmos will begin. A totally new cosmology.

Quantum light.

 

[Catastrophe]

For me, the confusion and discussion is not about context or definitions. It’s about the measurements.

You may believe that expanding space, taking galaxies with it, is causing those insane rates.

But it shows me that something is wrong. And it has to be the dogma of light, for that’s the only thing they will not consider.

Science has restricted itself with this dogma. And for the spacetime pure-est, this dogma is now impossible to either prove or disprove. And insist that velocity sets time and length.

I believe this intellect is of poor quality. It is more like a religion, then a science. With false relics.

Physics has become a philosophy now, instead of a science. A path for faith thought, instead of a path of discovery.

Just an observation. And the context gleaned from it. I believe redshift will be the greatest misunderstanding in science history.

And once that is cleared up, a new context for this cosmos will begin. A totally new cosmology.

Quantum light.

Of course the measurements are the bread and butter, but you then need deductions and hypotheses. These require words, with accurately defined meanings, which are the province of science.

May I point out politely, that, in some cases, you seem to have read the opposite of what I posted.

Cat

 

[Harry Costas]

Cat
You are a thinker
Good on you
Be Happy

 

[Harry Costas]

Deep Images expose how large our universe is, in more ways than most ever imagined.

[Submitted on 29 Nov 2024]

MIRI Deep Imaging Survey (MIDIS) of the Hubble Ultra Deep Field​

Göran Östlin, Pablo G. Pérez-González, Jens Melinder, Steven Gillman, Edoardo Iani, Luca Costantin, Leindert A. Boogaard, Pierluigi Rinaldi, Luis Colina, Hans Ulrik Nørgaard-Nielsen, Daniel Dicken, Thomas R. Greve, Gillian Wright, Almudena Alonso-Herrero, Javier Alvarez-Marquez, Marianna Annunziatella, Arjan Bik, Sarah E.I. Bosman, Karina I. Caputi, Alejandro Crespo Gomez, Andreas Eckart, Macarena Garcia-Marin, Jens Hjorth, Olivier Ilbert, Iris Jermann, Sarah Kendrew, Alvaro Labiano, Danial Langeroodi, Olivier Le Fevre, Mattia Libralato, Romain A. Meyer, Thibaud Moutard, Florian Peissker, John P. Pye, Tuomo V. Tikkanen, Martin Topinka, Fabian Walter, Martin Ward, Paul van der Werf, Ewine F. van Dishoeck, Manuel Güdel Thomas Henning, Pierre-Olivier Lagage, Tom P. Ray, Bart Vandenbussche

The recently launched James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) is opening new observing windows on the distant universe. Among JWST's instruments, the Mid Infrared Instrument (MIRI) offers the unique capability of imaging observations at wavelengths λ>5μm. This enables unique access to the rest frame near infra-red (NIR, λ≥1\mum) emission from galaxies at redshifts z>4 and the visual (λ≳5000Å) rest frame for z>9. We here report on the guaranteed time observations (GTO) from the MIRI European Consortium, of the Hubble Ultra Deep Field (HUDF), forming the MIRI Deep Imaging Survey (MIDIS), consisting of an on source integration time of ∼41 hours in the MIRI/F560W (5.6 μm) filter. To our knowledge, this constitutes the longest single filter exposure obtained with JWST of an extragalactic field as yet.

 

[Harry Costas]

Merry Xmas
To one and all

 

[Harry Costas]

The research is covering 1.2 million Galaxies.
If the research covered the total sky, it would take over a million years.
The more we see out there the more complicated and more than we ever thought.
We see out there Millions of Galaxies before the so-called Big Bang.

And yet NASA said it all happened in a few million years.

[Submitted on 3 Jan 2025]

Hybrid-z: Enhancing Kilo-Degree Survey bright galaxy sample photometric redshifts with deep learning​

Anjitha John William, Priyanka Jalan, Maciej Bilicki, Wojciech A. Hellwing, Hareesh Thuruthipilly, Szymon J. Nakoneczny

We employ deep learning (DL) to improve photometric redshifts (photo-zs) in the Kilo-Degree Survey Data Release 4 Bright galaxy sample (KiDS-Bright DR4). This dataset, used as a foreground for KiDS lensing and clustering studies, is flux-limited to r<20 mag with mean z=0.23 and covers 1000 deg2. Its photo-zs were previously derived with artificial neural networks from the ANNz2 package, trained on the Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA) spectroscopy. Here we considerably improve over these previous redshift estimations by building a DL model, Hybrid-z, which combines four-band KiDS images with nine-band magnitudes from KiDS+VIKING. The Hybrid-z framework provides photo-zs for KiDS-Bright, with negligible mean residuals of O(10−4) and scatter at the level of 0.014(1+z) -- reduction by 20% over the previous nine-band derivations with ANNz2. We check our photo-z model performance on test data drawn from GAMA, as well as from other KiDS-overlapping wide-angle spectroscopic surveys, namely SDSS, 2dFLenS, and 2dFGRS. We find stable behavior and consistent improvement over ANNz2 throughout. We finally apply Hybrid-z trained on GAMA to the entire KiDS-Bright DR4 sample of 1.2 million galaxies. For these final predictions, we design a method of smoothing the input redshift distribution of the training set, to avoid propagation of features present in GAMA, related to its small sky area and large-scale structure imprint in its fields. Our work paves the way towards the best-possible photo-zs achievable with machine learning for any galaxy type both for the final KiDS-Bright DR5 data and for future deeper imaging, such as from the Legacy Survey of Space and Time.

 

[Harry Costas]

Are we getting closer to understanding the universe and the way it works?


[Submitted on 9 Jan 2025]

JWST NIRCam simulations and observations of AGN ionization cones in cosmic noon galaxies​

Sophie Lebowitz (1), Kevin Hainline (1), Stéphanie Juneau (2), Jianwei Lyu (1), Christina Williams (1,2), Stacey Alberts (1), Xiaohui Fan (1), Marcia Rieke (1) ((1) University of Arizona, (2) NSF NOIRLab)

The extended narrow line region (NLR) of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) provides a valuable laboratory for exploring the relationship between AGN and their host galaxies, often appearing as an ''ionization cone'' that can extend out to the very edge of the galaxy. We use new James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) NIRCam imaging to study the morphologies and sizes of NLRs traced by [O III] at cosmic noon (z∼2−3), measurements which were previously only well-studied at z∼0 with IFU spectroscopy. To determine NIRCam's ability to probe the properties of the NLR in cosmic noon galaxies, we present simulated images of AGN at z=2−3 created with archival data cubes from the Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) of nine nearby (z<0.05) AGN host galaxies with previously confirmed extended NLRs. Our simulated images show that NIRCam is able to resolve the morphologies of NLRs at z=2−3 with narrow- and medium-band observations. We then search for extended NLRs with NIRCam medium-band observations targeting the [O III] emission in twenty-seven previously identified AGN at z=2.4−3.4 in the Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey South (GOODS-S) field. We detect six galaxies in our observed sample with [O III] morphologies consistent with AGN ionization cones with characteristic NLR sizes of 1−2.5 kpc. Thanks to our simulated data, we can predict the effects of cosmological surface brightness dimming and instrument noise on the NLR size measurements at high redshift, which has the biasing effect of lowering the NLR size-AGN Luminosity trend that is observed at low redshift by a factor of ∼2.

 

[Atlan0001]

Goes here to as a response, I do believe:

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[Classical Motion]

One doesn’t need research, references or a PhD to see a new universe. Just rectify the carrier going into an antenna. A whole new world awaits you.

Light is the RATE of a constant velocity.