<font color="yellow">"Because if it falls off from inside it can fall into the engine"</font><br /><br />Back in Saturn IVB days NASA tested this by intentionally feeding pieces of insulation into J-2, which chewed them up without any bigger problems. Of course many things were different, relatively sturdy and lowpressure J-2 instead of stellar performer SSME. IIRC the insulation was fiber glass instead of polyurethane. The fiber was woven to the tank wall so probability of any of it coming off was pretty small anyway.<br /><br />Layman logic would say that the foam would have <i>much</i> better conditions inside the tank than outside. Steady pressure pushing it against the metal, no super/hypersonic airflows and shockwaves trying to rip it off etc. Additional mesh/screens would probably be a good idea just to be on the safe side.<br /><br />But ... the sad fact may be that changing the side of insulation would effectively mean redesigning the whole ET so it's most likely not going to happen.<br /><br />The foam seems to be doing fine on most parts of the ET, it's just the few special protrusions that are problematic. Those areas may need tougher/stickier foam, extra cover/net or something, but not the whole ET.