In Race to Market, Nissan’s Electric Car Takes Shortcuts
Nissan, led by enthusiastic CEO Carlos Ghosn, has emerged as a surprise leader in the push toward electrification of the automobile. What is so remarkable about this is Nissan was not even part of the EV conversation two years ago. Now the company is poised to be the first major manufacturer to mass-produce electric vehicles.
The Nissan Leaf is slated to appear in a handful of test markets by the end of the year, putting the company neck-and-neck with General Motors and the Chevrolet Volt expected at about the same time. Nissan’s sudden change in focus was the result of Ghosn’s personal vision and his willingness to force it through his company from the top down. The impatient CEO recently told Bloomberg, “The engineers will always tell you, ‘Wait a little more,’ and if you keep playing this game, you never launch any product.”
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First, Nissan overpromised on the realistic range by consistently quoting a number tied to the most optimistic benchmark, the LA4 cycle. Drivers who stick to stop-and-go traffic on city streets in temperate climates may indeed consistently see 100 miles of range, but most drivers will see significantly less in a mix of city and highway driving. Driving in California, the country’s top market for electric vehicles, involves a lot of time on highways where the 65 mph speed limit is rarely observed. The LA4 cycle Nissan quotes mostly stay below 30 mph with one two-minute “sprint” at 55 mph every 22-minute cycle.
It also appears Nissan has cut corners on the most critical aspect of electric vehicle technology — the battery pack. The key engineering trade-off Nissan has made is opting not to include active thermal management, where the temperature of the pack is controlled by an HVAC system similar to what cools the passenger cabin on a hot day. Instead, Nissan has opted to use only an internal fan that circulates the air within the sealed pack to evenly distribute the heat, which escapes by passive radiation through the pack’s external case.
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Nissan’s confidence on this matter aside, early purchasers of the Leaf should consider taking the company up on its offer to lease the battery, which would leave any financial risk of early battery degradation where it belongs — with Nissan.
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