Question Condensates

[Harry Costas]

Understanding condensate droplets may give us understanding of Big Bang Nucleosynthesis.
I do not think along the lines of Big Bang theory.I use this logic as part of the discussion.



[Submitted on 28 Jan 2022 (v1), last revised 21 Nov 2022 (this version, v2)]
Self-Interacting Superfluid Dark Matter Droplets
V. Delgado, A. Muñoz Mateo (Univ. La Laguna)

We assume dark matter to be a cosmological self-gravitating Bose-Einstein condensate of non-relativistic ultralight scalar particles with competing gravitational and repulsive contact interactions and investigate the observational implications of such model. The system is unstable to the formation of stationary self-bound structures that minimize the energy functional. These cosmological superfluid droplets, which are the smallest possible gravitationally bound dark matter structures, exhibit a universal mass profile and a corresponding universal rotation curve. Assuming a hierarchical structure formation scenario where granular dark matter haloes grow around these primordial stationary droplets, the model predicts cored haloes with rotation curves that obey a single universal equation in the inner region (r≲1 kpc). A simultaneous fit to a selection of galaxies from the SPARC database chosen with the sole criterion of being strongly dark matter dominated even within the innermost region, indicates that the observational data are consistent with the presence of a Bose-Einstein condensate of ultralight scalar particles of mass m≃2.2×10−22 eV c−2 and repulsive self-interactions characterized by a scattering length as≃7.8×10−77 m. Such small self-interactions have profound consequences on cosmological scales. They induce a natural minimum scale length for the size of dark matter structures that makes all cores similar in length (∼1 kpc) and contributes to lower their central densities.

 

[Harry Costas]

Some of these maybe hard Yaker, but! in time will become simple to apply to all the formations that we observe out there and beyond.
How condensates function is the key to the workings matter in space.

[Submitted on 22 Dec 2022 (v1), last revised 6 Jan 2023 (this version, v2)]
Mirror symmetry for new physics beyond the Standard Model in 4D spacetime
Wanpeng Tan

The two discrete generators of the full Lorentz group O(1,3) in 4D spacetime are typically chosen to be parity inversion symmetry P and time reversal symmetry T, which are responsible for the four topologically separate components of O(1,3). Under general considerations of quantum field theory (QFT) with internal degrees of freedom, mirror symmetry is a natural extension of P, while CP symmetry resembles T in spacetime. In particular, mirror symmetry is critical as it doubles the full Dirac fermion representation in QFT and essentially introduces a new sector of mirror particles. Its close connection to T-duality and Calabi-Yau mirror symmetry in string theory is clarified. Extension beyond the Standard model can then be constructed using both left- and right-handed heterotic strings guided by mirror symmetry. Many important implications such as supersymmetry, chiral anomalies, topological transitions, Higgs, neutrinos, and dark energy, are discussed.

 

[Harry Costas]

The KEYS to understanding the images such as the hourglass supernova and the dipolar jets observed in Neutron Stars such a magneto-thermal evolution.

Maybe these are the steppingstones in understanding.

[Submitted on 3 Apr 2023]
Non-Fermi Liquids from Dipolar Symmetry Breaking
Amogh Anakru, Zhen Bi

The emergence of fractonic topological phases and novel universality classes for quantum dynamics highlights the importance of dipolar symmetry in condensed matter systems. In this work, we study the properties of symmetry-breaking phases of the dipolar symmetries in fermionic models in various spatial dimensions. In such systems, fermions obtain energy dispersion through dipole condensation. Due to the nontrivial commutation between the translation symmetry and dipolar symmetry, the Goldstone modes of the dipolar condensate are strongly coupled to the dispersive fermions and naturally give rise to non-Fermi liquids at low energies. The IR description of the dipolar symmetry-breaking phase is analogous to the well-known theory of a Fermi surface coupled to an emergent U(1) gauge field. We also discuss the crossover behavior when the dipolar symmetry is slightly broken and the cases with anisotropic dipolar conservation.

 

[Harry Costas]

[Submitted on 23 Mar 2023]

Vortices in dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates​

Thomas Bland, Giacomo Lamporesi, Manfred J. Mark, Francesca Ferlaino

Quantized vortices are the hallmark of superfluidity, and are often sought out as the first observable feature in new superfluid systems. Following the recent experimental observation of vortices in Bose-Einstein condensates comprised of atoms with inherent long-range dipole-dipole interactions [Nat. Phys. 18, 1453-1458 (2022)], we thoroughly investigate vortex properties in the three-dimensional dominantly dipolar regime, where beyond-mean-field effects are crucial for stability, and investigate the interplay between trap geometry and magnetic field tilt angle.