Japan put its first satellite into orbit around the moon Friday, placing the country a step ahead of China and India in an increasingly heated space race in As<br /> <br />The probe was set into lunar orbit after completing a complicated navigational maneuver late Thursday, space agency officials said. The probe will gradually move into orbit closer to the surface to the moon before conducting a yearlong observational mission.<br /><br />"We believe this is a big step," said project manager Yoshisada Takizawa. "Everything is going well and we are confident."<br /><br />Though four years off schedule, the mission comes at a crucial time for Japan.<br /><br />China is expected to launch its own moon probe by the end of the year, and India is to follow with an unmanned lunar mission in 2008.<br /><br />Japanese officials claim the $279 million Selenological and Engineering Explorer — or SELENE — is the largest lunar mission since the U.S. Apollo program in terms of overall scope and ambition, outpacing the former Soviet Union's Luna program and NASA's Clementine and Lunar Prospector projects.<br /><br />The mission involves placing the main satellite — called "Kaguya," after a legendary moon princess — in a circular orbit at an altitude of about 60 miles and deploying two smaller satellites in elliptical orbits, according to the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, or JAXA.<br /><br />Researchers will use data gathered by the probes to study the moon's origin and evolution. Takizawa said it will begin its observation phase in mid- to late-December.<br /><br />"The timing was very delicate," he said at a news conference in JAXA's Tokyo headquarters via a video link from the mission command center south of the capital. "It was important to the completion of the mission, and it was successful."<br /><br />Japan launched its first satellite in 1970 but is now struggling to keep up with rival China.<br /><br />Japan launched a moon probe in 1990, but that was a flyby mission. It cancele